Can You Use Animal Blood In Humans

Animals to humans, how blood saves lives

Posted: by Mia Rozenbaum on fourteen/06/19

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Every year, over 88 meg blood donations save lives beyond the globe – enough to fill 32 Olympic-sized swimming pools with the haemoglobin-rich liquid. But skillful quality blood is in short supply so researchers seek to become around the worldwide blood shortage and make blood donations as we know them obsolete.

Animal enquiry has been instrumental in conceiving, optimising and now upgrading this life saving procedure.

Transfusion dates back more 300 years, when in 1657 the anatomist, astronomer, architect, and mathematician-physicist Christopher Wren, famous for the blueprint of Saint Paul'southward Cathedral in London, claimed to be able to create a tool that would allow him to « convey whatsoever liquid poison into the mass of the blood ». He used a syringe made of beast bladder fixed to a goose quill to inject wine and opium into the veins of a dog.

The technique was later refined by British physician Richard Lower who performed the showtime-ever successful animal blood transfusion in 1665 on a dog.The first-ever animate being to human transfusion of claret was performed closely after, in 1667 by Frenchman Jean-Baptiste Denis who transferred claret from a sheep to a xv-year old boy and a woman in labour. Both survived the process just with severe anaemia, throwing a black cloud over the technique.

For a long time, blood transfusions remained a technically difficult procedure . Even when Karl Landsteiner defined the blood types in 1900, and recipients and donors could be precisely matched, transfusions were rarely attempted. It was Adolph Hustin that made in 1914 the discovery that would tip the boat in favour of the lifesaving technique. He found that adding sodium citrate to the blood prevented it from clotting and allowed it to be stored safely for several days. Years of animal research in dogs, rabbits and guinea-pigs to perfect transfusion coupled with the capacity to store claret led to blood banks and blood transfusions to become the routine procedure information technology is today.

But nowadays, the human population is confronted with a shortage of blood to transfuse and researchers are turning dorsum to animal research to find solutions to this disquisitional health problem and make blood donations, as nosotros know them, obsolete.  In 2011, for example, a blood substitute derived from cow plasma was used to salve the life of a woman whose religion forbade conventional claret transfusion. This bogus blood is designed to increment oxygen transport in the body after heavy blood loss.

Some animals can transport oxygen more than finer in their body than humans. The marine lugworm, Arenicola marina is a champion oxygen-hugger. Indeed, the worms breathe through gills, like fish, but they spend half their lives out of water where they can survive for 6 hours without animate. This is possible thanks to their special haemoglobin, the proteins in claret that bear oxygen, that is 40 times more oxygenating than its human counterpart. In human claret, one haemoglobin poly peptide holds four oxygen molecules at a fourth dimension whereas a lugworm haemoglobin protein tin concur an amazing 156 O2 molecules, according to the researcher Franck Zal. And the more he looked into these worms, the more special the worms' blood became.

As it turns out, the lugworm is a universal donor – it doesn't acquit any antigens on its surface that are responsible for the different blood types. This ways that it can exist used in humans and could change the face up of medicine. In 2016, the starting time clinical trials tested the efficacy of the worm blood and showed that transplant organs stored in Hemo2Life worm blood immune for a faster patient recovery and improved organ function compared to transplant organs stored in the traditional electrolyte preservation solution. In fact, the lugworm's haemoglobin is so effective at transporting oxygen that organs immersed in their solution can survive for days without damage, rather than hours.

Since those tests, Hemo2Life has been used to safeguard a variety of organs, including lungs, pancreases, and a heart. It was even used in 2018 in French republic, for the first ever 2d full face transplant and was instrumental in the procedure co-ordinate to the surgeon,Pr Lantieri who stated "I volition never do another transplant surgery without this production ".

Franck Zal's company, Hemarina, is in the process of applying for certification to sell Hemo2Life throughout Europe and could provide enough Hemo2Life for all the organ transplants in France and still have more than one tonne of worm blood left over.

Zal has set his sights on other uses for lugworm claret such as worm blood bandages to care for chronic wounds, or a haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier that could exist used to care for sickle jail cell anaemia and even a gel-like oxygen carrier as a promising therapeutic solution for the treatment of periodontitis.

Last edited: 7 April 2022 13:31

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Source: https://www.understandinganimalresearch.org.uk/news/from-animals-to-humans-how-blood-saves-lives

Posted by: warnerhipt1970.blogspot.com

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